INTRODUCTIONCuba has a history of revolutions and coups. In the current scenario it is one of the remaining socialist states in the world with communist governments. Despite excessive pressure and embargoes from the United States government, Cuba, the sugar bowl of the world, has an export ranking of 114 out of 226 countries in the world and an import ranking of 87. Cuba's major exports are sugar, nickel, tobacco, fish, medical products, citrus fruits, coffee and imports include products such as food, fuel, clothing and machinery. Most of the means of production are owned and operated by the government, and most of the labor is employed by the state. If a company wants to hire Cubans, it must pay the Cuban government which in turn will pay the employees in pesos. With these facts and the system in place, the Cuban business environment and structure offers a unique opportunity for study. HISTORY OF CUBA Before 1902 Cuba was a Spanish colony, after the Spanish-American War, according to the Treaty of Paris, Cuba and two other colonies were ceded to the United States. for a sum of 20 million dollars. On May 20, 1902, Cuba gained formal independence for the United States, but the United States still has the right to intervene in Cuban affairs and oversee its finances and foreign relations. Following this scenario, various uprisings occurred in Cuba from time to time, leading to political instability until 1940, when a new progressive constitution was adopted. Batista was elected president the same year and implemented important social reforms. In 1944 Batista lost the presidential election but returned to power in 1952 with a military coup. In 1958 Batista went into exile due to Fidel Castro's revolution. Castro began with the legalization of the communist party, public trials and execution of Batista supporters;...... middle of paper......an and the Caribbean Sea and more than 400 islands and islets found in the seas and nearby bays of this island Map of Cuba SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Educational system: Cuba enjoys a very high literacy rate of 99.8%, the tenth highest in the world. Thanks to the provision of free, state-sponsored education at all levels. Fidel Castro installed an entirely state-run system and banned private institutions. School attendance was made compulsory from the age of six until the end of basic secondary education. Primary education lasts six years while secondary education is divided into basic and pre-university education. Higher education is provided by various universities, higher pedagogical institutes and polytechnics. The Cuban Ministry of Education operates a distance education that provides lessons to farmers in rural areas. Political system