Government failure: why is the majority view not listened to?Free-to-air TV licences1. Political contexta. 1957-1998 Granted a total of 3 free television licenses and 2 television stations survive In 1957, Rediffusion Television Limited (RTV, now known as Asia Television Limited, ATV) was the first Hong Kong company granted a television license to operate a cable subscription service. Eight years later, wireless television broadcast became available and the first license was granted to Television Broadcasts Limited (TVB) which began providing free television services in 1967. Before 1973, TVB was the only operator in the free television sector but the monopolistic market The structure changed when the government decided to issue two more free-to-air television licenses to RTV and Commercial Television Limited in 1973 and 1975 respectively. However, Commercial Television Limited ended its operations and declared bankruptcy in 1978. Since then, the government has never changed its mind. -issued licenses and the entire free television market was dominated by both TVB and RTV (or ATV).b. September 1998 Review of Television Policy In 1998, the government began to review Hong Kong's entire television policy, arguing that the aim is to encourage and promote expansion, create a fair, flexible and pro-competitive environment in the free-to-air television sector .c. November 2007A new era for digital broadcastIn fact, before 2007 analogue television broadcast was the only broadcast method. However, digital technology has changed the way television program signals are transmitted. The Bureau of Trade and Economic Development first announced in November 2007 that Hong Kong would adopt national digital terrestrial television... five licenses coexist in the free television market. It is suggested that the license be granted to those who meet the relevant requirements, such as financial capacity, expertise and transmission infrastructure.6. ConclusionWhy is the majority point of view not listened to? After analyzing the case of free-to-air television politics, the main problem is that there is no democracy in Hong Kong and the chief executive is given too much power. Therefore, introducing universal suffrage and preventing the Chinese government from blatantly intervening in Hong Kong affairs is the best way to correct such failures of the political system. Regarding addressing market failure, it is suggested that the Office of Trade and Economic Development create a criterion list and grant a license to those who meet the basic requirements.