Our standard of monophasic sleep at night is often considered the norm by physicians (Steger & Brunt, 2003). However, historically and internationally this is an exception. In addition to our monophasic sleep culture, there is the siesta culture and the nap culture. In the siesta culture, in addition to night sleep, a further rest period is established in the early afternoon. Not everyone sleeps but social life stops. An example is Spain and several South American countries that take a siesta for a few hours after a long lunch. In this way, the human biorhythm is taken into account on the one hand and the midday heat is avoided on the other. The siesta is tied to the midday hour and is traditionally held only at that particular time. However, globalization and the use of modern technology are showing their effects. The number of people who nap is steadily decreasing due to changing work rules and the use of air conditioning (Booth, 2011). In China, napping is even established by the constitution. In Article 49 of the 1950 Constitution, Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong established workers' right to rest (De Mente, 1994). After Mao's death, however, it was considered a symbol of traditional Chinese culture as well as a sign of economic backwardness. Napping is still a daily activity in rural areas, but in cities, capitalism has driven people away from it. Taiwan has the same cultural roots but with a different political development: a very aggressive approach to afternoon naps. In elementary schools after lunch and even in the workplace, people nap at their desks for about 10 minutes (Moore, 2007). The siesta that is firmly linked to the midday time...... middle of paper.... ..earch, 193(1), 79-86.Moore, L. (2007, March 18). The afternoon nap attack. News from the United States. Retrieved from http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/070318/26nap.htmSteger, B. & Brunt, L. (2003). Night and sleep in Asia and the West: exploring the dark side of life. New York, NY: Routleg Curzon.Stone, KL; Ewing, S.K.; Ensrud, K.E.; Red Line, S.; Bauer, D.C.; Cauley, J.A.; Hillier, T.A.; & Cummings, R. S. (2009). Self-reported sleep and napping habits and mortality risk in a large cohort of older women. The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 57(4), 604-611. Tamaki, M.; Shirota, A.; Tanaka, H.; Hayashi, M.; & Hori, T. (1999). Effects of daytime napping in older adults. Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 53, 273-275. Winterman, D. (2007, November 28). Are you getting enough? BBC News. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7114661.stm