Topic > The Theory of Scientific Theories - 863

The Theory of Scientific Theories Sir Popper's piece, "Science: Conjectures and Refutations", reaffirms the scientific methods currently in use. No scientific theory is ratified without serious consideration and careful observation. Science is the search for what can be proven false and the resulting hypotheses of what must be true. The problem that plagues Sir Popper is the clear definition of science and pseudoscience. Although the empirical method is common to both, the level of inferential data varies greatly. Large amounts of data can be accumulated by observing human behavior, but data alone is not the subject of scientific theory. Theories must be assembled by fusing factual data and inductive reasoning. The point of induction appears to be the point at which science and pseudoscience must separate. A scientific theory, after applying raw data, will leave little room for inference. On the other hand, a pseudoscience allows the experiment to progress in any number of directions. Popper becomes fully aware of this social scientist's dilemma when he applies the contrasting psychological theories of Freud and Adler to the same test case, and they work equally well. This brings him to the question of whether social theories explain human behavior or simply adapt to it. The physical sciences, as the name suggests, depend on physical evidence to defend their theories. Sir Popper formulates two sets of conclusions on the subject. While the former is quickly discounted, it deserves consideration...