“Black Tuesday” is cited as the day the stock market crashed on October 19, 1929 and is believed to be the start of the Great Depression (Schultz). This led to many catastrophes in the US economic system that lasted ten years, from 1929 to 1939 (Schultz). During this period, consumer spending decreased, unemployment increased, and a severe drought throughout the United States led to a reduction in agricultural labor, which resulted in even greater unemployment (Schultz). However, to get out of this crisis, President Roosevelt created programs during his presidency in hopes of improving the United States economy. These programs would later be called the New Deal and Second New Deal programs. These programs were designed to help the male working population of the United States. Women have always been considered less efficient than men; this has led to a difference in the amount of compensation women get from their work (Goldin 82). However, with the help of President Roosevelt's wife, Eleanor Roosevelt, working women were eventually included in some New Deal programs that increased their economic stability; directly and indirectly (“Results of the New Deal”). Programs such as FERA, WPA, FHA, among others (“New Deal Achievements”), have helped women with job opportunities, increased leadership roles in government, and increased housing opportunities. Throughout history, women have been considered to have an active role in family life as caretakers, while men are considered the “breadwinners” of the family. However, some women had to provide for their families over the years and as a result sought work in industries that “were highly segregated by sex” (Goldin 87). Women employ... center of paper ......o. “The Great Agricultural Transition: Crisis, Change, and Social Consequences of Twentieth-Century U.S. Agriculture.” Annual Review of Sociology 27 (2001): 103-124. "Achievements of the New Deal." Franklin D. Roosevelt. 2007. American Heritage Center. October 18, 2011. .Schultz, Stanley K., and William P. Tishler. "The Crash and the Great Depression." American History 102. 1999. Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. October 17, 2011. Ware, Susan. Beyond suffrage, women in the New Deal. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981. Woolner, David. “Feminomics: Breaking New Horizons.” New Deal 2.0. December 15, 2009. Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute. October 18th. 2011 .