These appeals are based on reader demographics, so the persuasion process is more powerful. Ethos is based on the writer's credentials. For example, if the writer demonstrates that he is intelligent, he is practicing ethics. Pathos on the other hand has more to do with the emotions of the text and how they affect the reader. Writers who practice pathos know the demographics of their readers, making them feel sad, angry, pitied and happy are mostly used forms of pathos. Fredrick Douglass focuses on both ethics and pathos when it comes to persuasion. The most powerful example of ethics comes in the first chapter, when he says he doesn't know his birth date, unlike white civilians. Opening with this information tells readers that he can be trusted because of his direct personal experience. Douglass provokes the reader's emotion with the use of language in a way that helps the audience empathize with him. For example, one of her masters hired a man to have sex and reproduce with a female slave for profit. He has to live with this and the vivid description shows a lot