(R. Kaplan, 2001; R. Kaplan & Kaplan, 1989; Purcell & Lamb, 1984; Ulrich, 1986). This means that a greater proportion of natural areas can promote environmental preference in urban environments (van Den Berg, Hartig, & Staats, 2007). Furthermore, significant positive correlations are found between landscape preferences and landscape heterogeneity and diversity (Dramstad et al., 2006; Franco, Franco, Mannino, & Zanetto, 2003; Lee et al., 2008; Palmer, 2004). Their results suggest that landscapes that function ecologically (e.g. less fragmented and more heterogeneous) are more attractive (Forman, 1995; Lee et al., 2008). For example, urban residents are more likely to be satisfied with their neighborhood environment when these environments contain large patches of connected trees that are believed to function better ecologically (Lee et al., 2008). However, some researchers have had opposing views regarding the relationships between ecological landscape and human preferences (Gobster, 1994; Steinitz, 1990). Parsons (1995) suggested that ecologically sustainable environments are perceived as less attractive. Steinitz (1990) conducted a study in a US national park and observed significant conflicts between visual preferences and landscape sustainability. However, little empirical work has been reported on similar findings for urban green spaces or