Topic > Jean Paul Sartre - 948

DiscussionMost Western philosophies and monotheistic traditions base the creation of man as a plan of God. God is the main craftsman, that is, the creator of everything, and the conception of man by God is conceived before the creation of man. For Sartre this means that since God created humanity through one conception, it must mean that we are all created according to that conception and are created with a purpose, or as Sartre defines human nature (Sartre, p.206-207). Existentialist Sartre sees a problem with the notion of a divine creator, as this would mean that our essence precedes our existence. The notion of existence that precedes the essence of Jean Paul Sartre is his ideology which discusses freedom and human choice. Sartre's fundamental statement is that the existence of humanity exists before there is the conception of values ​​and morality, of human nature (Sartre, p 207). For Sartre, humanity is born with a blank slate, without predetermined values ​​and without a fundamental essence that humanity shares. Consequently this means that since we have no particular abstract ideal of human nature, we are all responsible for creating our own construction of essence through the choices we make. We define ourselves through the sum of the choices and actions we make. (Sartre, p. 208) Sartre's argument denies the traditional philosophy of an existing human nature, or an abstract ideal of being with which we are all born. Sartre's theory articulates the absence of an omniscient creator (Sartre, p. 209). Sartre believes that man creates his nature and finds value through his free choices. Sartre elaborates this through his concept of freedom by establishing that our consciousness is separate from the physical world; it is unrestricted and therefore must be free. (Sartre, p. 239-241) The radical freedom expressed by Sartre, however, has restrictions of facticity. The limitations that are instilled in us, the situations in which we are all thrown restrict some possibilities of our freedom, this is called facticity. Facticity is the situation we find ourselves in, but that doesn't change the fact that we are even more than our situation; we always have a choice and are destined for it. (Sartre, p. 240-241)Analysis: To accept that existence precedes essence one would have to come to the conclusion that there is no innate human nature and therefore no god who conceives it (Sartre, p.207). For many Western philosophies and monotheistic religions this proves to be a problem and they contest existentialism in this regard.