This is clearly evident in relation to the victims of the Holocaust, whereby the ultra-nationalist mentality of the Nazi Party established a culture of immense violence against the targeted population. An important feature of modernization was ethnic targeting and an underlying racial dimension that motivated perpetrators to commit large-scale massacres. A number of violent policies arising from the concept of ethnic cleansing have led to repression, murder, and ultimately genocide. The extent of 20th century violence can be explained by the defining characteristics of modernity, such as the combined force of new warfare technologies and administrative techniques that “classified people along rigid lines of nation and race.” Genocides result from the perpetrators' long-term obsession with emphasizing the religious or cultural differences of the victim group. Nationalism has provided society with the opportunity to systematically classify society based on ethnicity and race. This was certainly a modern phenomenon and contributed to the spread of violence and, ultimately, genocide. A defining characteristic of the twentieth century, and more specifically of the Holocaust, is the ability of perpetrators to totally ignore the identity of its victims. Fear and “the ubiquity of perpetrators and victims” are considered to be at the heart of modern genocide which “envelops society in a vicious cycle of devastation and murder”. The Nazi regime's premeditated plan is evident in its ability to simply transform society's perception of victims into repugnant figures who threaten the nation's prosperity. This became an effective technique that ensured mass support among the citizens of Nazi Germany. Hitler's vision of the Final Solution was to create a Judenfrei Europe as Judaism was considered "a deadly, universal