Stage 5 is called the social contract and is the ability to understand that rules, laws and regulations are in place for the benefit of all. Also at this stage it is possible to identify that everyone has their own opinions, values and beliefs (Kohlberg, 1984). The final stage of Kohlberg's theory is called universal ethical principles, in which decisions are not made simply based on rules and laws but by incorporating one's beliefs and values to achieve a moral outcome. This theory has faced much criticism regarding cultural diversity and gender bias. First, studies conducted across cultures have shown that levels of moral development are achieved at different rates in different cultures (Harkness, Edwards, & Super, 1981), this is due to different social norms, beliefs, rituals, and practices that a in turn affect how morality is development (Lapsley & Carlo, 2014). Another criticism is that of gender bias, Gilligan (1982) points out that Kohlberg's entire study is conducted on male participants, even though the results are generalized to all genders. This is very limiting and provides no information on the moral development of women, Gilligan (1982) argues that men and women differ in moral understanding and that Kohlberg's theory focuses morality on the basis of rules and justice,
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