IndexAbstractIntroductionExperimental methodDiscussionAbstractTo determine the surface tension of water with different concentrations of sodium chloride, capillary rise was examined. This was done by examining the height to which a liquid rose in a capillary depending on the concentration. However, the liquid was in an apparatus containing the capillary, the system was interrupted and left to rest to return to equilibrium. Equilibrium heights for each sample were taken at each concentration (water, 1M NaCl, 2M NaCl, 3M NaCl, 4M NaCl). Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay IntroductionSurface tension is defined by the work required to expand the surface area of ​​a unit area and is a measure of the free energy within the system. This difference in surface tension between five solutions was determined by the difference in the rise of the solution in one capillary tube compared to another. The equation used to determine the surface tension from this capillary rise is defined as γ_1=1/2 (h+ r/3)rρgWhere γ_1 ​​​​is the surface tensionh is the recorded heightr is the radius of the capillary tube usedρ is the density of the liquidg is gravitational accelerationWith this information it is possible to find the surface tension for different concentrations, together with the general trend of the surface tension with respect to the concentration of ions in a solution. Experimental method A dried capillary tube is inserted into an apparatus containing a 250 ml test tube closed with a rubber stopper. There are two holes in the cap, one for the capillary and another for an adapter as a means of interrupting the system. The five solutions are placed in the test tube for several tests, where the capillary height will be measured. After inserting the liquid into the container, the system is interrupted by using a particular plunger to suck in the liquid and then releasing it to bring the liquid back into balance. Once this is done, the readings are carried out. Five tests are performed for each of the samples at different concentrations. Discussion Overall the results for surface tension calculated from capillary height were not consistent with a high standard deviation. The average tube height values ​​at different concentrations were used to create a graph tracking the change in NaCl concentration versus the change in surface tension. As a general trend, surface tension was shown to increase with the increase in ions present and gave the equation y = 2850.9x + 69.812 (graph 2), where the slope is positive 2850.9 suggesting this increase. Another factor influencing the increase in surface tension is due to the increase in density as the concentration increases. For the height recorded in the capillary at each different concentration (Table 1), the average calculated values ​​are as follows, DI water (control): 3.6 ± 0.2 cm, 1M NaCl: 3.5 ± 0.4 cm , 2M NaCl: 3.0 ± 0.2 cm, 3M NaCl: 3.6 ±0.7 cm, 4M NaCl: 3.3 ±0.2 cm. These data suggest a lower capillary height due to the increased NaCl concentration. For the calculated surface tension the mean and standard deviation (Table 2) for each concentration (Mol/ cm3) were as follows: 0.000 Mol/ cm3: 71.99 ± 5.34 dyn/cm, 0.001 Mol/ cm3: 73.91 ± 10.54 dyn/cm, 0.002 Mol/ cm3: 66.03 ± 5.05 dyn/cm, 0.003 Mol/ cm3: 84.87 ± 17.72 dyn/cm, 0.004 Mol/ cm Please note: this is just a sample. Get a custom paper from our expert writers now. Get custom essay3: 80.77 ± 5.74 dyn/cm. the general slope when these points.