Drug Discovery, Development, and Manufacturing The process of bringing a new drug to market involves drug discovery, development, and manufacturing. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are both properties responsible for the creation of a new drug. Pharmacokinetics is the study of what the body does to a drug and its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Pharmacodynamics is the study of what a drug does to the body. It is the relationship between the resulting effect of the drug and the site of action (Introduction to Pharmacokinetics, n.d.). Each process has invested interest in the biotechnology sector. While each course of action has a template, all three are necessary to bring a drug to market. Drug discovery has a long history spanning centuries. Before the 1920s, people used herbal and fortuitous drugs. In the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s, vitamins, vaccines and the discovery of antibiotics increased. In the 1950s, 60s and 70s there was the discovery of DNA, a breakthrough in etiology, the rise of biotechnology and the use of IT. Since the 1980s, automation, robotics, combinatorial chemistry, and commercialization of drug discovery have had a profound impact (Drug discovery and development, n.d.). The drug discovery journey is the innovation of a new drug. Small companies, large biotechnology companies, and the leadership of the National Institute of Health (NIH) contribute to the discovery of the new drug. Scientists from biotechnology companies research the potential of an original drug based on market needs and scientific creativity. Scientific creativity is high-quality research based on where funding can be obtained. Before a biotechnology company funds research, ask...... half of paper ......cPi6PtbEbrVSweeny, K. (2002, March 1). Technological trends in drug discovery and development: implications for the development of the pharmaceutical industry in Australia. Center for Strategic Economic Studies. Retrieved December 13, 2013, from http://www.cfses.com/documents/pharma/03-Technology_Trends.PDFTop 25 Biotechnology Companies of 2013. (n.d.). Genetic engineering and biotechnology news. Retrieved December 13, 2013, from http://www.genengnews.com/insight-and-intelligenceand153/top-25-biotech-companies-of-2013/77899858/?page=2Understanding the R&D Process. (n.d.). Innovation. Retrieved December 13, 2013, from http://www.innovation.org/drug_discovery/objects/pdf/RD_Brochure.pdfWhy precise manufacturing of biologics matters. (n.d.). Building organic products. Retrieved December 13, 2013, from http://www.buildingbiologics.com/manufacturing-biologics.html