Structuralism as a literary movement first emerged in the 1960s in the field of linguistics. It also expanded to other areas of study by philosophers such as Louis Althusser in Marxist theory, Roland Barthes in literary studies, Jacques Lacan in psychoanalysis, Gerard Genette in narratology, and Claude Levi-Strauss in anthropology. This article focuses on Strauss's Structure and Dialectics, Genette's Five Types of Transtextuality, and Barthes's The Death of the Author. Furthermore, Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818) is taken as an example to explain these structuralist methods. Ferdinand de Saussure, founder of structuralist linguistics, defined language as a "system of signs". He proposed the significant and signified components that make up a sign. The signifier is the sound image and the signified is the concept or meaning. Levi-Strauss based his study of myth on structural linguistics. In his essay Structure and Dialectics he observes the relationship between myth and ritual. In general, myth is seen as the "ideological projection of a rite" or the ritual as a "dramatized illustration of the myth". However, this homology is not always true. Strauss uses the dialectical relationship between myth and ritual to support his observation. According to him, myth is structured in terms of binary oppositions to produce meaning. Strauss was not interested in the sequential order of events or the content of the plot, but in the presence of binary pairs in the structure of the text. In anthropological study, binary oppositions constitute the fundamental component of all socio-cultural institutions which include literature, religion, economics, etc. The comparison between myth and ritual should not be limited... middle of paper... .Web. October 26, 2013.Genette, Gerard. "Voice." Narrative speech. Trans. Jane E. Lewin. New York: Cornell University Press, 1983.n.pag. Google Book Search. Network. October 26, 2013. Gilbert, Sandra and Susan Gubar. “The Infection in the Sentence: The Writer and the Anxiety of Being an Author.” The crazy woman in the attic. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984,45-92. Print.Levi-Strauss, Claude. "Structure and dialectics". Structural anthropology. Trans. Claire Jacobson and Brooke Schoepf. New York: Basic Books, Inc, n.d. 232-241. 4shared. Network. October 27, 2013.Saussure de, Ferdinand. General Linguistics Course. Trans. Wade Baskin. New York: McGraw-HillBook Company, ndnpag. 4shared. Network. October 26, 2013.Shelley, Maria. Frankenstein or the modern Prometheus. Ed. Maya Joshi. Delhi. Worldview, 2008. Print.