IntroductionMany religions and beliefs teach people to behave well and love one another. However, the methods used and how they express themselves can differ in many ways. For example, Confucian belief emphasizes filial piety, and the first duty upheld by Confucians, as stated in the Classic of Filial Piety (孝經), is for filial sons and daughters to take good care of our bodies and prevent the their body, their skin and hair from wounds as given to us by our parents. In contrast, Buddhist monks shave their heads as a symbol of commitment and freedom from problems and worries. Can it be said that Buddhists are not filial? Indeed, both Confucianism and Buddhism value filial piety. Yet they convey filial piety through different concepts. This essay compares the reasons for establishing the concepts of filial piety, the way of mourning death, the goals of service, the goals one tries to achieve, and the way filial piety is valued in Confucianism and Buddhism. Reasons for the Establishment of Filial Piety Concepts PietyConfucianism supports society while Buddhism supports individuality. To achieve a harmonized society, Confucianism strongly emphasizes the social rules that different people in society should obey. In Confucianism, each individual has his own role in the family and the country, where individuals are interrelated. From the five traditional cardinal relations (五倫) in Mencius (孟子), saying that “Between father and son there is affection; between ruler and minister there is justice; there is differentiation between husband and wife; between brothers there is precedence; between friends there is trust.”(T'ang Wang Kung Part I), we see the precept that everyone gets along in a certain 'correct...... middle of paper...... towards the people other than their family members. In Mencius it says: "Let us honor the elderly as we do our own elderly parents, and let us care for the children of others as we do our own children." (King Hui of Liang Part I) However, the importance of caring for one's parents and children over other elders and children is implicit in the original Chinese version of the speech. Therefore, it can be concluded that Confucian filial piety is more limited to serving one's family, while Buddhist “great filial piety” is to serve a more universal goal, namely every living creature on Earth. Mourning the Deceased The differences in the concepts of filial piety in Confucianism and Buddhism can also be seen from their way of treating the bodies of deceased ancestors, the period of mourning, and their way of offering to the ancestors..