The two controversial topics discussed below share a single goal: to improve the quality of life of an individual human. The first topic, transhumanism, is a largely theoretical movement involving the advancement of the human body through scientific improvements of existing human systems. This includes a wide variety of applications, such as neuropharmacology to improve human brain function, biomechanical interfaces to enable human muscles to far outperform their unmodified counterparts, and numerous attempts to greatly, perhaps indefinitely, extend the human lifespan. Although the transhumanist discussion is predominantly a reflective exercise, it raises many important ethical dilemmas that human society may face much sooner than the advances that transhumanism wishes to bring into reality. The second topic, the elective removal of healthy limbs at the patient's request, has a much more immediate gravity. Those suffering from a mental condition known as Body Identity Disorder seek to silence the disturbing disconnect between their internal body image and external body composition. This topic is often overshadowed by sensationalism and controversy in the media, and is therefore rarely discussed productively (Bridy). This lack of discussion halts progress and potentially limits citizens' rights, as legislation is enacted without sufficient research. The main arguments against each argument are strikingly similar; This is followed by an in-depth discussion of both transhumanism and elective amputation, along with a discussion of the merits of these topics. The reader will see how the limits placed on both transhumanism and elective amputation cause more harm than good to the entire human society. Transhumanism…… half of paper……e.g., DG “Improvement: Are ethicists overly influenced by unfounded speculation?” Journal of Medical Ethics 32 (2 December 2006): 77-81. Academic Research Premier. EBSCO. 2 November 2008 . Solomon, Marco. "The Transhumanist Dream". Foreign Policy (January 2005). Bioethics 21.8. : 419-425. Academic Search Premier. 2008 .