IntroductionJohn Locke (1632-1704) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) are two important thinkers of freedom in modern political thought. They revolutionized the idea of ​​human freedom of their time and later influenced many political thinkers. Although their important book on human freedom, John Locke's The Second Treatise of Government (1689) and John Mill's On Liberty (1859), are separated by 170 years, some scholars believe they belong to the same conceptual tradition, English liberalism. In this essay, I will elaborate John Locke and John Stuart Mill's view on human freedom and try to find the difference between their concept of human freedom despite their similar background of liberal tradition. Historical context Locke and Mill's understanding or freedom is very much linked to the social and cultural condition of their era. Locke and Mill are separated by nearly two centuries of English history, and each society that comes from a different historical context despite similar region has its own unique problems that need different treatments and solutions. In this sense, Locke and Mill's conception of freedom cannot be separated from the society in which they live, because their works were an attempt to find solutions to the problems of the society of their time. Locke was born in Somerset, England, into a wealthy family. At that time, there existed a small class of people, the aristocracy, who owned and controlled the vast majority of land, resources, military power, and wealth. Despite coming from a wealthy family, Locke saw that there were injustices in this situation. Families without families had to work as farmers and no longer had control of their own lives, but lived, toiled and died according to the whims of others. ...... middle of paper ......ple from their happiness. References1. Works Cited Bishop, Philip Schuyler. Three theories of individualism. Diss. University of South Florida, 2007.2. Bullock, Alan and Maurice Shock, eds. The liberal tradition: from Fox to Keynes. Clarendon Press, 1967.3. Gooch, George Peabody. Political Thought in England: Bacon to Halifax. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977.4. Locke, John. "1980." Second Government Treaty. CB Macpherson, ed. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing, (1690).5. Mill, John Stuart. "2001." On Freedom. Ontario: Batoche Books (1859).6. Mill, John Stuart. "2009." Utilitarianism. Floating Press (1859).7. Mokyr, Joel. The lever of wealth: technological creativity and economic progress. Oxford University Press, 1990.8. Wright, John Samuel Fletcher. Freedom in the key works of John Locke and John Stuart Mill. Deakin University thesis, 1995.